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Toxicokinetics of Paraquat in Humans

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et INSERM U26, Hopital F. Widal, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris

F.J. Baud

Clinique Toxicologique Paris V, Hôpital F. Widal, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris

R. Mouy

Service de Réanimation Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France

C. Bismuth

Clinique Toxicologique Paris V, Hôpital F. Widal, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris

R. Bourdon

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et INSERM U26, Hopital F. Widal, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris

J.M. Scherrmann

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et INSERM U26, Hopital F. Widal, 200 rue du Faubourg Saint-Denis, 75010 Paris

1 The toxicokinetics of paraquat were studied in 18 cases of acute human poisoning using a specific radioimmunoassay. Plasma paraquat concentration exhibited a mean distribution half-life (t ) of 5 h and a mean elimination half-life (t β) of 84 h. Cardiovascular collapse supervened early during the course of the intoxication and was associated with the distribution phase. Death related to pulmonary fibrosis occurred late and was associated with the elimination phase.

2 Pharmacokinetic analysis of urine paraquat excretion confirmed the biphasic decline of paraquat. Moreover, renal paraquat and creatinine clearances were not correlated but renal paraquat clearance was never higher than the renal creatinine clearance.

3 Tissue paraquat distribution was ubiquitous with an apparent volume of distribution ranging from 1.2 to 1.6 l/kg. Muscle could represent an important reservoir explaining the long persistence of paraquat in plasma and urine for several weeks or months after poisoning.

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 9, No. 1, 5-12 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/096032719000900103


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