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Acute Toxicity Studies with Jatropha curcas L

Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

A. Sannusi

Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

R.A. Alafiya-Tayo

Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

S.R. Bhusnurmath

Department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

The seeds of Jatropha curcas L. ingested accidentally by two children aged 3 and 5 years led to a clinical syndrome of restlessness, severe vomiting and dehydration. A systematic study of the seeds indicated that they produced toxic effects in mice. Macroscopic anal haemorrhage and death occurred when the seeds were administered with the feed. Post-mortem examination revealed infarction of various parts of the gatrointestinal tract with congested vessels. Sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l: saline) extract of the dried seed administered intraperitoneally into mice caused death in doses as low as 1 mg/kg. Post-mortem studies in this case showed widespread haemorrhages involving the colon, lungs as well as infarction of the liver. Larger intraperitoneal doses (> 30 mg/kg) were lethal rapidly but not associated with gross gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 5, No. 4, 269-274 (1986)
DOI: 10.1177/096032718600500409


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