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Pregnancy outcome after exposure to oral contraceptives during the periconceptional period

The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

JS Choi

The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

JY Han

The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea hanjungyeol{at}yahoo.com

MH Kim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

JH Chung

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

HM Ryu

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

MY Kim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

JH Yang

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

MK Koong

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and Women's Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

AA Nava-Ocampo

The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada; PharmaReasons, Toronto, ON, Canada

G Koren

The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada

To evaluate whether periconceptional exposure to oral contraceptives (OCs) increased adverse pregnancy outcomes, 136 pregnant women taking OCs within the periconceptional period were identified at the Korean Motherisk Program. Of them, 120 pregnant women accepted to participate in their study and were followed up until completion of the pregnancy. A control group of 240 age- and gravidity-matched pregnant women exposed to non-teratogen drugs for at least 1 month before pregnancy was also included. The median gestational age at delivery was 39.1 (27.0–41.0) weeks in the exposed group and 39.3 (27.4–42.0) weeks in the control group (P = 0.19). In the exposed group, 7.1% of babies were born with low birth weight versus 2.6% in the control group (P = 0.068). The number of preterm deliveries or babies born large for gestational age did not differ between the two groups. In the exposed group, the rate of birth defects was 3.2% (n = 3/99) versus 3.6% (n = 7/193) in the control group (P = 1.0). There were 15 women who took high doses of progesterone (emergency contraception) and no adverse fetal outcomes were observed. In conclusion, periconceptional exposure to OCs does not appear to increase the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Key Words: birth defects • fetal growth • oral contraceptives • transplacental exposure

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 27, No. 4, 307-313 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0960327108092290


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