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In vitro assessment of the genotoxicity of ethyl paraoxon in newborns and adults

C González-Horta

B Sánchez-Ramírez

E Reyes-Aragón

Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua

M Levario-Carrillo

Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica., Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ave. División del Norte No. 2300, CH 44-228, Colonia Altavista 31320, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico margarita.levario{at}imss.gob.mx

This in vitro experiment measured the genotoxic effects of ethyl paraoxon, the active metabolite of ethyl parathion. To assess genotoxicity, we used the micronuclei (MN) technique by blocking cytokinesis, and the ‘comet’ assay. We cultured peripheral blood samples from healthy adults and umbilical cord blood samples from four clinically healthy newborns to identify the frequency of MN. After 48 hours, we added the following ethyl paraoxon concentrations to the cultures: 0.0, 0.075, 0.100, 0.160, and 0.200 µg/mL. For the comet assay, following Singh's technique, we treated the blood samples for 2 hours with similar doses of the metabolite. The comet assay results, at a concentration of 0.075 µg/mL, showed that ethyl paraoxon causes a greater DNA migration that followed a dose^-response pattern, a greater intensity being observed in lymphocytes from newborns. A comparison of the treatment and control groups indicated that only the 0.200 µg/mL concentration produced a slight increase in MN. In conclusion, our study identified primary DNA damage due to ethyl paraoxon, with a major effect on newborn lymphocytes, as well as an effect on the frequency of MN in the study groups at high concentrations only.

Key Words: comet assay • ethyl paraoxon • genotoxicity • micronuclei • pesticides

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