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Inflammatory markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from human volunteers 2 hours after hydrogen fluoride exposure

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Aker University Hospital, N 0514 Oslo, Norway kristin{at}lund.as

C Dunster

Lung Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, King's College, London, UK

I Ramis

Pharmacology Department, J Uriach y Compania SA, Barcelona, Spain

T Sandstrom

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden

F J Kelly

Lung Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, King's College, London, UK

P SøStrand

National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway

P Schwarze

Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

E Skovlund

Section of Medical Statistics, University of Oslo, Norway

J Boe

J Kongerud

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

M Refsnes

Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Fluoride has been in focus as a possible causal agent for respiratory symptoms amongst aluminium potroom workers for several decades. Previously, using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), we demonstrated airway inflammation in healthy volunteers 24 hours after exposure to hydrogen fluoride (HF). The objective of the present study was to examine early lung responses to HF exposure. Bronchoscopy with BAL was performed 2 hours after the end of 1-hour exposure to HF. Significant reductions in the total cell number and the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes were observed in bronchoalveolar portion (BAP), whereas there were no significant changes in the bronchial portion (BP). Significantly decreased concentrations of b₂-MG, IL-6 and total protein were found in both BAP and BP. Additionally, IL-8 was significantly reduced in BP, and ICAM-1 and albumin were present in lower concentrations in BAP. Lung function measurements were not affected by HF exposure. These reported effects are presumably transitory, as many were not present in the airways 24 hours after a similar HF exposure.

Key Words: bronchoalveolar lavage • hydrogen fluoride • inflammation

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