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Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 19, No. 11, 641-649 (2000)
DOI: 10.1191/096032700676221595

Astrocyte phenotype and prevention against oxidative damage in neurotoxicity

V W Pentreath

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, Manchester, M5 4WT, UK

N D Slamon

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, Manchester, M5 4WT, UK; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, UK

Astrocytes possess a potent array of protective systems. These are chiefly targeted against oxidised products and radicals, which are frequently present in increased amounts following exposure of nervous tissue to a range of toxic insults. Following exposure to the toxic chemicals astrocytes commonly respond by alteration in phenotype with upregu-lation of a large number of molecules, including those controlling the protective systems. This article summarizes evidence, largely obtained from in vitro studies, which supports the concept that some of the changes in astrocyte phenotype are associated with increased protection against the cytotoxicity caused by the oxidative damage that results from exposure to range of neurotoxicants.


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