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Karyomegaly of tubular cells as early stage marker of the nephrotoxicity induced by ochratoxin A in rats

Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Toxicologie Moléculaire, Facultéde Médecine Dentaire, Rue Avicenne 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

A Zakhama

Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Facultéde Médecine, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

I Baudrimont

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hygiène Appliquée, Université Bordeaux II, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France

A Achour

Service de Néphrolologie CHU, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

S Abid

F Ellouz

S Dhouib

Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Toxicologie Moculaire, Faculté Médecine Dentaire, Rue Avicenne 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

E E Creppy

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hygieéne Appliquée, Université Bordeaux II, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France

H Bacha

Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Toxicologie Moléculaire, Facultéde Médecine Dentaire, Rue Avicenne 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

Cases of karyomegaly were described by Sclare³⁰ and by Mihatch³¹ in patients affected with tubular-interstitial nephropathy. The Karyomegalic cells showed enlarged nuclei with accumulation of genetic material. No aetiology was suggested.

Our study of rats experimentally intoxicated by ochratoxin A, a well-known nephrotoxic compound, indicates the presence of karyomegaly with alteration of the tubular tissue. In control animals no karyomegalic cells were detected. These observations suggest that karyomegaly with megacytosis may be caused by the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A in the kidney.

In addition abnormal mitosis together with karyomegalic cells were observed at an earlier stage of the intoxication (30 days) suggesting possible regeneration if the OTA insults are stopped.

After 90 days of treatment, the degeneration increased and only karyomegalic and apoptotic-like cells were observed indicating that the regeneration no longer occurs and that the degeneration becomes irreversible.

Key Words: ochratoxin A • karyomegaly • megacytosis • renal tubular cells • abnormal mitosis • apoptotic cells

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 18, No. 6, 410-415 (1999)
DOI: 10.1191/096032799678840192


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