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Differential recovery of acetylcholinesterase in guinea pig muscle and brain regions after soman treatment

Department of Physiology, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT

Janet R Wetherell

Medical Countermeasures, CBD, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 0JQ, UK

Margaret E Smith

Department of Physiology, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT

1 In brain areas of untreated guinea-pigs the highest activity of acetylcholinesterase was seen in the striatum and cerebellum, followed by the midbrain, medulla-pons and cortex, and the lowest in the hippocampus. The activity in diaphragm was sevenfold lower than in the hippocampus.

2 At 1 h after soman (27 mg/kg) administration the activity of the enzyme was dramatically reduced in all tissues studied. In muscle the three major molecular forms (A12, G4 and G1) showed a similar degree of inhibition and a similar rate of recovery and the activity had returned to normal by 7 days.

3 In the brain soman inhibited the G4 form more than the G1 form. The hippocampus, cortex and midbrain showed the greatest reductions in enzyme activity. At 7 days the activity in the cortex, medulla pons and striatum had recovered but in the hippocampus, midbrain and cerebellum it was still inhibited.

4 Thus the effects of soman administration varied in severity and time course in the different tissues studied. However the enzyme activity was still reduced in all tissues at 24 h when the overt signs of poisoning had disappeared.

Key Words: soman • anticholinesterase • acetylcholinesterase molecular forms • brain • skeletal muscle • neuromuscular junction

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 17, No. 3, 157-162 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/096032719801700306


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