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Human ochratoxicosis and nephropathy in Egypt: A preliminary study

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

R S Yahya

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

M A Sobh

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

I Eraky

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

M El-Baz

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

H AM El-Gayar

Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt

A M Betbeder

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et Hygiène Appliquée, Facultédes Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo-Saignat 33076 Bordeaux, France

E E Creppy

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et Hygiène Appliquée, Facultédes Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo-Saignat 33076 Bordeaux, France

This preliminary study was designed in a trial to delineate the size of the problem of ochratoxicosis and its relation to genesis of lesions mounting to end stage renal disease (ESRD) or urothelial tumors in Egypt. This study comprised five groups of patients having renal diseases of different presentations; they are: patients with (ESRD) under conservative medical treatment (group 1), patients with (ESRD) under treatment with regular hemodialysis (group 2), renal allograft recipients (group 3), patients with nephrotic syndrome (group 4) and patients with urothelial tumors (group 5). In addition, two reference groups: potential related donors for renal transplantation (group 6) and healthy control with negative family history of renal disease (group 7).

For all groups, laboratory, radiological and histopatho-logical evaluation of kidney status were carried out coupled with determination of ochratoxin A level in serum, in urine and in biopsy specimens of patients with urothelial tumors.

High ochratoxin serum levels were found in patients with ESRD (groups 1 and 2) (P50.01), higher serum levels were detected in the group without dialysis (group 1) in comparison with the reference groups possibly due to ochratoxin. A clearance by dialysis. Ochratoxin A was detected in serum and urine of renal transplant recipients (group 3) (P50.01) and especially higher levels were found in patients with nephrotic syndrome (group 4) (P50.001). For the group with urothelial tumor (group 5), positive serum, urine and tissue biopsy specimens for ochratoxin levels were found (P50.01).

The results could lead to the conclusion that ochratoxin A could be correlated to the genesis of renal disease leading to (ESRD) or causing urothelial cancer. A thorough and in depth study of the problem of ochratoxicosis and renal disease causation in Egypt is now recommended.

Key Words: mycotoxin • ochratoxin A • kidney disease

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 17, No. 2, 124-129 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/096032719801700207


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