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Cadmium-induced alterations in blood- brain barrier permeability and its possible correlation with decreased microvessel antioxidant potential in rat

Pharmacology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001, India

Girja S Shukla

Industrial Toxicology Research Centre

RC Srimal

Industrial Toxicology Research Centre

1 Male albino rats of 21 days age were exposed to 10 p.p.m. cadmium (CdCl₂ salt) in drinking water, ad libitum, for 90 days. It increased the brain cadmium levels by 76% (P < 0.05) and 165% ( P < 0.001) respec tively at 30 and 90 days of exposure compared to controls.

2 Cadmium increased blood - brain barrier permeability of fluoroscein dye (24%, P < 0.02) and the levels ofbrain microvessel malondialdehyde (31%, P<0.01) at 90 days of exposure. However, these parameters did not alter significantly at 30 days of exposure.

3 Increased activities of microvessel superoxide dismu tase (18%, P<0.02), glutathione peroxidase (20%, P<0.01) and catalase (28%, P<0.01) were observed at 30 days of exposure.

4 The continuation of the Cd treatment for 90 days decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase (30%, P<0.001), glutathione peroxidase (23%, P<0.005), catalase (25%, P < 0.005), glutathione reductase (18%, P < 0.02), vitamin E (20%, P < 0.01), glutathione (26%, P < 0.01), ascorbic acid (18%, P < 0.05) and ceruloplas min (13%, P<0.05) in the microvessal preparation compared to controls.

5 It appears that Cd-induced blood-brian barrier dysfunction may be related to the depletion of microvessel antioxidant substances along with in crease in lipid peroxidation at 90 days of exposure.

Key Words: blood-brain barrier • microvessels • antioxidative defenses • lipid peroxidation • cadmium • neurotoxicity

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 15, No. 5, 400-405 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/096032719601500507


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