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Biochemical Renal Changes in Workers Exposed to Soluble Nickel Compounds

Adolf Vyskoil

Département de médecine du travail et hygiène du milieu, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station A, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7

Václav Senft

Clinic of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, Alej Svobody 80, 30599 Plzen, Czechoslovakia

Claude Viau

Département de médecine du travail et hygiène du milieu, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station A, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7

Milena Cíková

Department of Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Charles University, Simkova 870, 50038 Hradec Králové, Czechoslovakia

Josef Kohout

Clinic of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, Alej Svobody 80, 30599 Plzen, Czechoslovakia

1 Biochemical markers of kidney damage were examined in 14 male and 12 female workers highly exposed to soluble nickel compounds in a chemical plant. The results were compared to those obtained in 12 male and 12 female matched controls.

2 The concentration of nickel in urine of male and female workers averaged 5.0 and 10.3 µg g^-1 creatinine, respectively. The mean duration of exposure in male and female workers was 25 and 15 years.

3 No difference was found in the mean urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, albumin and transferrin in both sexes, total proteins, β₂microglobulin (β₂-m) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in males and lysozyme in females. Lysozyme and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were increased in male and total proteins, β₂-m, NAG and RBP in female exposed workers. Significant correlations between urinary concentrations of nickel on one side and that of β₂-m in women (r = 0.462, P = 0.022) and men (r = 0.41, P = 0.018) and of NAG in men (r = 0.405, P = 0.019) on the other side were found in exposed subjects.

4 Results indicate adverse effects of soluble nickel compounds on the kidney tubular function. In agreement with literature data it seems that those effects occur only at high exposure levels.

Human & Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 257-261 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/096032719401300406


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